The means of expressing necessity in English reference in Armenian

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Introduction
Chapter I. The Modal Verbs and Their Meanings in English
1.1. The Classification of the Modal Verbs in English
1.2. A General Overview of the Modal Verbs Expressing Necessity and Time Reference
Chapter II. The Ways of Expressing Necessity in English
2.1. Expressing Necessity through the Use of Adjectives and Past Participle
2.2. Expressing Necessity by Means of Adverbs
Conclusion

Հատված

Different speech communities may have different ideas of what necessity is. The expressions of necessity and obligation have a very widespread relevance but they have different implications in different languages. The linguistic and cultural differences in them sometimes result in communication failures.
Sometimes the expressions of necessity can be confusing. For example, in the Armenian culture the statements like “I am short of money” or “I wish I could borrow some money from someone” are meant and understood as expressions of necessity while in the English and American cultures (the latter comprising a pattern of a real cultural diversity) they are confusing, or even strange because for the bearers of these cultures declaring one՚s needs or complaining about something all the time can not be viewed as a verbal commitment by one person to another agreeing to do or not to do something at present or in the future. For the Armenian people, on the contrary, such statements are quite definite expressions of necessity made by the speaker, which give him grounds for feeling hopeful about some future actions that will help him to solve his financial problems.

Գրականության ցանկ

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2. Caroline Brown and Pearson Brown “English Grammar Secrets,” Macmillan Education, 2010.
3. Christina SchՊffner “Translation and Norms,” Multilingual Matters Ltd., Toronto, 1999.
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6. Francis Scott Fitzgerald “The Great Gatsby,” Scribner, New York, 2004.
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8. George O. Curme “A Grammar of the English Language,” Volumes I and II, Verbatim Books, 1978.
9. Hadumod Bussmann”A Dictionary of Language and Linguistics,” Routledge, London and New York, 2006.

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